Coupling & Uncoupling Vehicles

Drivers or other people working around vehicles are at risk during the procedure, and many falls, falling objects, and sometimes overturns happen because of unsafe working during coupling or uncoupling. If coupling is not done properly, trailers can detach from vehicles, whether they are parked or moving, causing very serious risks.

Consider the following HSE guidance

Coupling
Hauliers and site operators must make sure that:

Areas where coupling and uncoupling take place are well lit, firm, and
level.
Stops, handholds and good lighting (for example at the back of the cab)
are provided.
Drivers have been given proper instructions on coupling procedures and
safety.
These precautions are especially important where coupling or uncoupling
happens away from sunlight (including at night). There is a risk of drivers falling when coupling or uncoupling trailers in the dark.

Make sure the these coupling procedures have been followed whenever possible:

The trailer handbrake must be applied (if fitted). Using a trailer not fitted
with a handbrake is only acceptable when the air brakes of the trailer are fail-safe or there are other measures to stop the trailer moving.
For automatic coupling:
The cab should be reversed slowly under the trailer, with the ‘kingpin’
lined up to the locking mechanism. Listen to hear the fifth wheel lock onto
the ‘kingpin’.
For manual coupling:
Reverse the vehicle into place.
Make sure that the parking brakes are applied.
Manually attach the locking mechanism.
Do a ‘tug test’. Try to drive forward slowly in a low gear to check that the fifth wheel is engaged.
Make sure that the parking brakes are applied.
Inspect the locking mechanism to make sure it is secure.
Fit any safety clips.
Connect all brake hoses and the electrical supply to the trailer. Check
that they are secure.
Wind up any landing legs on the trailer and secure the handle.
Fit the number plates and check that the lights work.
Release the trailer handbrake (if there is one).

Uncoupling

When uncoupling, you should normally follow the above procedure backwards.

Make sure that the ground is firm enough to hold the trailer and its legs,
and make sure that the cab brakes are applied before getting out